Debian Upgrade auf neuen Release

Quelle: https://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/update-upgrade-debian-9-to-debian-10-buster/ 

 Upgrade Debian 9 to Debian 10 Buster 

 The procedure is as follows: 

 
 Backup your system. 

 Update existing packages and reboot the Debian 9.x system. 

 Edit the file /etc/apt/sources.list using a text editor and replace each instance of stretch with buster . 

 Update the packages index on Debian Linux, run: sudo apt update 
 

 Prepare for the operating system upgrade, run: sudo apt upgrade 
 

 Finally, update Debian 9 to Debian 10 buster by running: sudo apt full-upgrade 
 

 Reboot the Linux system so that you can boot into Debian 10 Buster 

 Verify that everything is working correctly. 

 
 Let us see all command in details. 

 Step 1. Backup your system 

 It is crucial to backup all data and system configurations. Cloud-based VMs can be quickly backup and restore using snapshots. I use rsnapshot , which is the perfect solution for making backups on the local or remote servers. Check os version in Linux : lsb_release -a Sample outputs: 

 No LSB modules are available.

Distributor ID:	Debian

Description:	Debian GNU/Linux 9.9 (stretch)

Release:	9.9

Codename:	stretch 

 Note down the Linux kernel version too: uname -mrs Sample outputs: 

 Linux 4.9.0-9-amd64 x86_64 

 Step 2. Update installed packages 

 Type the following apt command or apt-get command : sudo apt update sudo apt upgrade sudo apt full-upgrade sudo apt --purge autoremove OR sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get upgrade sudo apt-get full-upgrade sudo apt-get --purge autoremove Reboot the Debian 9.x stretch to apply the kernel and other updates: sudo reboot 

 Step 3. Update /etc/apt/sources.list file 

 Before starting the upgrade you must reconfigure APT’s source-list files. To view current settings using the cat command : cat /etc/apt/sources.list Sample outputs: 

 

 
 

 deb http://cdn-aws.deb.debian.org/debian stretch main

deb http://security.debian.org/debian-security stretch/updates main

deb http://cdn-aws.deb.debian.org/debian stretch-updates main 

 

 
 

 The stretch indicates that we are using an older version. Hence, we must change all the references in this file from Stretch to Buster using a text editor such as vim: vi /etc/apt/sources.list I prefer to use sed tool, but first backup all config files using the cp command : sudo cp -v /etc/apt/sources.list /root/ sudo cp -rv /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ /root/ sudo sed -i 's/stretch/buster/g' /etc/apt/sources.list sudo sed -i 's/stretch/buster/g' /etc/apt/sources.list.d/* ### see updated file now ### cat /etc/apt/sources.list 

 APT source-list files updated to use buster   

 Updating the package list 

 Simply run: sudo apt update 

 Step 4. Minimal system upgrade 

 A two-part process is necessary to avoid the removal of large numbers of packages that you want to keep. Therefore, first run the following: sudo apt upgrade Just follow on-screen instructions. During the upgrade process, you may get various questions, like “Do you want to restart the service? ” OR “keep or erase config options” and so on. And: 

 Step 5. Upgrading Debain 9 to Debian 10 

 In addition, minimum upgrades we need to do full upgrades to finish the whole Debian 9 to Debian 10 update process. This is the main part of the upgrade. In other words, execute the following command to perform a complete upgrade of the system, installing the newest available versions of all packages, and resolving all possible dependency: sudo apt full-upgrade Reboot the Linux system to boot into Debian Linux 10 buster, issue: sudo reboot 

 Step 6. Verification 

 It is time to confirm the upgrade. Run: uname -r lsb_release -a Sample outputs: 

 No LSB modules are available.

Distributor ID:	Debian

Description:	Debian GNU/Linux 10 (buster)

Release:	10

Codename:	buster 

 Finally, clean up outdated packages using the apt command / apt-get command : sudo apt --purge autoremove 

 Conclusion 

 And there you have it. We have successfully upgraded to Debian Linux 10. Debian project also posted an in-depth guide here that explains other issues one might face during installation.